LTC4413 Dual 2.6A, 2.5V to 5.5V, Ideal Diodes in 3mm x 3mm DFN Features n n n n n n n n n n n n n Description 2-Channel Ideal Diode ORing or Load Sharing Low Loss Replacement for ORing Diodes Low Forward On-Resistance (100m Max at 3.6V) Low Reverse Leakage Current (1A Max) Small Regulated Forward Voltage (28mV Typ) 2.5V to 5.5V Operating Range 2.6A Maximum Forward Current Internal Current Limit and Thermal Protection Slow Turn-On/Off to Protect Against Inductive Source Impedance-Induced Voltage Spiking Ultralow Quiescent Current Consumption, Low Power Alternative to the LTC4413-1 Status Output to Indicate if Selected Channel is Conducting Programmable Channel On/Off Low Profile (0.75mm) 10-Lead 3mm x 3mm DFN Package Applications n n n n n Battery and Wall Adapter Diode ORing in Handheld Products Backup Battery Diode ORing Power Switching USB Peripherals Uninterruptable Supplies L, LT, LTC, LTM, Linear Technology and the Linear logo are registered trademarks and ThinSOT and PowerPath are trademarks of Linear Technology Corporation. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. The LTC(R)4413 contains two monolithic ideal diodes, each capable of supplying up to 2.6A from input voltages between 2.5V and 5.5V. Each ideal diode uses a 100m P-channel MOSFET that independently connects INA to OUTA and INB to OUTB. During normal forward operation the voltage drop across each of these diodes is regulated to as low as 28mV. Quiescent current is less than 40A for diode currents up to 1A. If either of the output voltages exceeds its respective input voltages, that MOSFET is turned off and less than 1A of reverse current will flow from OUT to IN. Maximum forward current in each MOSFET is limited to a constant 2.6A and internal thermal limiting circuits protect the part during fault conditions. Two active-high control pins independently turn off the two ideal diodes contained within the LTC4413, controlling the operation mode as described by Table 1. When the selected channel is reverse biased, or the LTC4413 is put into low power standby, a status signal indicates this condition with a low voltage. A 9A open-drain STAT pin is used to indicate conduction status. When terminated to a positive supply through a 470k resistor, the STAT pin can be used to indicate that the selected diode is conducting with a high voltage. This signal can also be used to drive an auxiliary P-channel MOSFET power switch to control a third alternate power source when the LTC4413 is not conducting forward current. The LTC4413 is housed in a 10-lead DFN package. Typical Application VCC WALL ADAPTER (0V TO 5.5V) 470k LTC4413 ENBB STAT INB OUTB STAT IS HIGH WHEN BAT IS SUPPLYING LOAD CURRENT 10F 1500 IOUT (mA) ENBA GND LTC4413 vs 1N5817 Schottky 2000 LTC4413 1000 1N5817 CONTROL CIRCUIT 500 INA BAT OUTA TO LOAD 4.7F 0 4413 TA01 0 100 200 VFWD (mV) 300 400 4413 TA01b 4413fd For more information www.linear.com/LTC4413 1 LTC4413 Absolute Maximum Ratings Pin Configuration (Note 1) INA, INB, OUTA, OUTB, STAT, ENBA, ENBB Voltage..................................... -0.3V to 6V Operating Temperature Range.................. -40C to 85C Storage Temperature Range.................... -65C to 125C Junction Temperature (Note 4).............................. 125C Continuous Power Dissipation (Derate 25mW/C Above 70C)..........................1500mW TOP VIEW 10 OUTA INA 1 ENBA 2 GND 3 ENBB 4 7 NC INB 5 6 OUTB 9 STAT 11 8 NC DD PACKAGE 10-LEAD (3mm x 3mm) PLASTIC DFN TJMAX = 125C, JA = 40C/W (4-LAYER PCB) EXPOSED PAD (PIN 11) IS GND, MUST BE SOLDERED TO PCB order information LEAD FREE FINISH TAPE AND REEL PART MARKING PACKAGE DESCRIPTION TEMPERATURE RANGE LTC4413EDD#PBF LTC4413EDD#TRPBF LBGN 10-Lead (3mm x 3mm) Plastic DFN -40C to 85C Consult LTC Marketing for parts specified with wider operating temperature ranges. Consult LTC Marketing for information on non-standard lead based finish parts. For more information on lead free part marking, go to: http://www.linear.com/leadfree/ For more information on tape and reel specifications, go to: http://www.linear.com/tapeandreel/ Electrical Characteristics The l denotes the specifications which apply over the full operating temperature range, otherwise specifications are at TA = 25C. (Notes 2, 6) SYMBOL PARAMETER CONDITIONS VIN , VOUT Operating Supply Range for Channel A or B VIN and/or VOUT Must Be in This Range for Proper Operation l MIN UVLO UVLO Turn-On Rising Threshold Max (VINA , VINB , VOUTA , VOUTB) l UVLO Turn-Off Falling Threshold Max (VINA , VINB , VOUTA , VOUTB) l IQF Quiescent Current in Forward Regulation (Note 3) VINA = 3.6V, IOUTA = -100mA, VINB = 0V, IOUTB = 0mA l IQRIN Quiescent Current While in Reverse Turn-Off, Current Drawn from VIN VIN = 3.6V, VOUT = 5.5V (Note 6) l IQRGND Quiescent Current While in Reverse Turn-Off, Measured Via GND VINA = VINB = VOUTB = 0V, VOUTA = 5.5V, VSTAT = 0V IQROUTA Quiescent Current While in Reverse Turn-Off, Current Drawn from VOUTA When OUTA Supplies Chip Power VINA = VINB = VOUTB = 0V, VOUTA = 5.5V IQROUTB Quiescent Current While in Reverse Turn-Off, Current Drawn from VOUTA When OUTB Supplies Chip Power IQOFF Quiescent Current with Both ENBA and ENBB High TYP 2.5 MAX UNITS 5.5 V 2.4 V 1.7 V 25 40 A 0.5 2 A 22 30 A l 17 31 A VINA = VINB = 0V, VOUTA < VOUTB = 5.5V l 2 3 A VINA = VINB = 3.6V, VENBA and VENBB High, VSTAT = 0V l 20 31 A -1 4413fd 2 For more information www.linear.com/LTC4413 LTC4413 Electrical Characteristics The l denotes the specifications which apply over the full operating temperature range, otherwise specifications are at TA = 25C. (Notes 2, 6) SYMBOL PARAMETER CONDITIONS ILEAK VINA or VINB Current When VOUTA or VOUTB Supplies Power VIN = 0V, VOUT = 5.5V MIN -1 1 A VRTO Reverse Turn-Off Voltage (VOUT - VIN) VIN = 3.6V -5 10 mV VFWD Forward Voltage Drop (VIN - VOUT) at IOUT = -1mA VIN = 3.6V 28 38 mV RFWD On-Resistance, RFWD Regulation (Measured as V/I) VIN = 3.6V, IOUT = -100mA to -500mA (Note 5) 100 140 m RON On-Resistance, RON Regulation (Measured as V/I at IIN = 1A) VIN = 3.6V, IOUT = -1.0A (Note 5) 140 200 m tON PowerPathTM Turn-On Time VIN = 3.6V, from ENBA, ENBB Falling to IIN Ramp Starting (Note 7) 50 s tOFF PowerPath Turn-Off Time VIN = 3.6V, IOUT = -100mA (Note 7) 4 s l TYP MAX UNITS Short-Circuit Response IOC Current Limit VINX = 3.6V (Notes 4, 5) IQOC Quiescent Current While in Overcurrent Operation VINX = 3.6V, IOUT = 1.9A (Notes 4, 5) 1.8 A ISOFF STAT Off Current Shutdown ISON STAT Sink Current VIN > VOUT, VENBA < VENBIL , VENBB < VENBIL , IOUT < IMAX tS(ON) STAT Pin Turn-On Time 1 s tS(OFF) STAT Pin Turn-Off Time 1 s 150 300 A -1 0 1 A 7 9 17 A STAT Output l ENB Inputs VENBIH ENBA, ENBB Inputs Rising Threshold Voltage VENBA, VENBB Rising l VENBIL ENBA, ENBB Inputs Falling Threshold Voltage VENBA, VENBB Falling l 400 VENBHYST ENBA, ENBB Inputs Hysteresis VENBHYST = (VENBIH - VENBIL) IENB ENBA, ENBB Inputs Pull-Down Current VOUT < VIN = 3.6V, VENBA > VENBIL, VENBB > VENBIL l 1.5 Note 1: Stresses beyond those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. Exposure to any Absolute Maximum Rating condition for extended periods may affect device reliability and lifetime. Note 2: The LTC4413 is guaranteed to meet performance specifications from 0C to 85C. Specifications over the -40C to 85C operating temperature range are assured by design, characterization and correlation with statistical process controls. Note 3: Quiescent current increases with diode current, refer to plot of IQF vs IOUT. Note 4: This IC includes overtemperature protection that is intended 540 600 460 90 3 mV mV mV 4.5 A to protect the device during momentary overload conditions. Overtemperature protection will become active at a junction temperature greater than the maximum operating temperature. Continuous operation above the specified maximum operating junction temperature may impair device reliability. Note 5: This specification is guaranteed by correlation to wafer-level measurements. Note 6: Unless otherwise specified, current into a pin is positive and current out of a pin is negative. All voltages referenced to GND. Note 7: Guaranteed by design. 4413fd For more information www.linear.com/LTC4413 3 LTC4413 Typical Performance Characteristics IQF vs ILOAD 120C 80C 40C 0C -40C 120 80 40 1E-3 10E-3 100E-3 ILOAD (A) 1E+0 60 120 80 0 10E+0 0 1 0.50 1.50 ILOAD (A) 2 2.50 0 -40 4413 G02 UVLO Thresholds vs Temperature 2.20 120 UVLO TURN-OFF 1.85 -40 0 40 TEMPERATURE (C) 4413 G04 RFWD vs Temperature (VIN = 3.5V) 100 RFWD IOUT = 100mA RFWD IOUT = 1A 80 RFWD IOUT = 500mA 60 40 20 0 -60 -20 20 100 60 TEMPERATURE (C) 140 0 2.5 3.5 4.5 VIN (V) 4413 G05 300 VFWD (mV) AND RFWD (m) RFWD (m) 120 -40C 120 80 160 140 0C 60 20 1.90 120 40C 40 1.95 40 80 TEMPERATURE (C) 4413 G03 80C 2.05 2.00 120 120C 80 RFWD (m) UVLO (V) IOC (A) 2 80 RFWD vs VIN at ILOAD = 500mA 100 2.10 3 40 0 TEMPERATURE (C) UVLO TURN-ON 0 IQF AT 100mA 3 2.15 1 -40 40 20 4413 G01 IOC vs Temperature (VIN = 3.5V) IQF vs Temperature IQF AT 1A 40 0 100E-6 4 80 120C 80C 40C 0C -40C 160 IQF (A) IQF (A) 160 IQF vs ILOAD 200 IQF (A) 200 5.5 4413 G06 VFWD and RFWD vs ILOAD 120C 80C 40C 0C -40C 250 200 150 VFWD RFWD 100 50 0 0 4413 G07 500 1000 1500 2000 IOUT (mA) 2500 3000 4413 G08 4413fd 4 For more information www.linear.com/LTC4413 LTC4413 Typical Performance Characteristics 120C 80C 40C 0C -40C 250 200 300 VFWD 150 150 100 100 50 50 0 1 10 100 ILOAD (mA) 0 10000 1000 4413 G17 20s/DIV 10 1 4413 G09 ENBA, ENBB Turn-On, 240s to Recover with 180mA Load IN 200mV/DIV OUT 200mV/DIV IOUT 200mA/DIV 120C 80C 40C 0C -40C 200 RFWD Response to 800mA Load Step in 80s VFWD vs ILOAD (VIN = 3.5V) 250 VFWD (mV) VFWD (mV) AND RFWD (m) 300 VFWD and RFWD vs ILOAD 100 ILOAD (mA) 10000 1000 4413 G10 ENBA, ENBB Turn-Off, 16s to Disconnect IN from 180mA Load ENBA, ENBB Threshold vs Temperature 550 VOUTA, VOUTB ENBA, ENBB 1V/DIV OUTA, OUTB 1V/DIV ENBA, ENBB 1V/DIV VENBA, VENBB IOUTA, IOUTB 500mA/DIV IOUTA, IOUTB 100mA/DIV 4413 G12 4s/DIV 4413 G11 100s/DIV VENBIH ENBA, ENBB THRESHOLD (mV) INA, INB 1V/DIV OUTA, OUTB 1V/DIV INA, INB 1V/DIV 500 450 VENBIL 400 350 300 -40 ENBA, ENBB Hysteresis vs Temperature 10E-6 100 80 40 TEMPERATURE (C) 120 4413 G13 - ILEAK vs Temperature at VREVERSE = 5.5V 1E-6 80 -ILEAK (A) ENBA, ENBB HYSTERESIS (mV) 120 0 100E-9 60 40 10E-9 20 0 -40 0 40 80 TEMPERATURE (C) 120 1E-9 -40 4413 G14 0 40 80 TEMPERATURE (C) 120 4413 G15 4413fd For more information www.linear.com/LTC4413 5 LTC4413 Typical Performance Characteristics - ILEAK vs VREVERSE Efficiency vs Load Current 80C 40C 0C -40C -ILEAK (A) 100E-9 10E-9 1E-9 500 0.98 EFFICIENCY (%) 1E-6 Power Loss LTC4413 vs 1N5817 600 1.00 POWER LOSS (mW) 10E-6 0.96 0.94 0.92 0 1 2 3 VREVERSE (V) 4 5 4413 G16 0.90 1.0E-3 400 300 1N5817 LTC4413 200 100 10.0E-3 100.0E-3 1.0E+0 LOAD CURRENT (A) 10.0E+0 1351 G13 0 1 500 1000 1500 ILOAD (mA) 2000 2500 4413 G19 Pin Functions INA (Pin 1): Primary Ideal Diode Anode and Positive Power Supply. Bypass INA with a ceramic capacitor of at least 1F. 1 snub resistors in series with a capacitor and higher valued capacitances are recommended when large inductances are in series with this input. Limit slew rate on this pin to less than 0.5V/s. This pin can be grounded when not used. ENBA (Pin 2): Enable Low for Diode A. Weak (3A) pulldown. Pull this pin high to shut down this power path. Tie to GND to enable. Refer to Table 1 for mode control functionality. This pin can be left floating, weak pull-down internal to the LTC4413. GND (Pins 3, Exposed Pad Pin 11): Power and Signal Ground for the IC. The exposed pad of the package, Pin 11, must be soldered to PCB ground to provide both electrical contact to ground and good thermal contact to the PCB. ENBB (Pin 4): Enable Low for Diode B. Weak (3A) pulldown. Pull this pin high to shut down this power path. Tie to GND to enable. Refer to Table 1 for mode control functionality. This pin can be left floating, weak pull-down internal to the LTC4413. INB (Pin 5): Secondary Ideal Diode Anode and Positive Power Supply. Bypass INB with a ceramic capacitor of at least 1F. 1 snub resistors in series with a capacitor and higher valued capacitances are recommended when large inductances are in series with this input. Limit slew rate on this pin to less than 0.5V/s. This pin can be grounded when not used. OUTB (Pin 6): Secondary Ideal Diode Cathode and Output. Bypass OUTB with a high (1m min) ESR ceramic capacitor of at least 4.7F. Limit slew rate on this pin to less than 0.5V/s. This pin must be left floating when not in use. NC (Pin 7): No Internal Connection. NC (Pin 8): No Internal Connection. STAT (Pin 9): Status Condition Indicator. Weak (9A) pull-down current output. When terminated, STAT = high indicates diode conducting. The function of the STAT pin depends on the mode that has been selected. Table 2 describes the STAT pin output current as a function of the mode selected as well as the conduction state of the two diodes. This pin can also be left floating or grounded. OUTA (Pin 10): Primary Ideal Diode Cathode and Output. Bypass OUTA with a high (1m min) ESR ceramic capacitor of at least 4.7F. Limit slew rate on this pin to less than 0.5V/s. This pin must be left floating when not in use. 4413fd 6 For more information www.linear.com/LTC4413 LTC4413 Block Diagram 1 INA OUTA OVER CURRENT PA -+ UVLO ENA - + ENBA + VOFF VGATEA + - 2 - AENA OVER TEMP ENB OUTA (MAX) OUTB (MAX) O.5V 10 ENA BENA OVER TEMP STAT STB 9 9A AENA A + - 3A 3 5 GND INB OUTB OVER CURRENT 6 PB -+ - + 4 ENBB + VOFF ENB VGATEB + - O.5V - BENA B + - 3A 4413 F01 Figure 1 4413fd For more information www.linear.com/LTC4413 7 LTC4413 Operation The LTC4413 is described with the aid of the Block Diagram (Figure 1). Operation begins when the power source at VINA or VINB rises above the undervoltage lockout (UVLO) voltage of 2.4V and either of the ENBA or ENBB control pins is low. If only the voltage at the VINA pin is present, the power source to the LTC4413 (VDD) will be supplied from the VINA pin. The amplifier (A) pulls a current proportional to the difference between VINA and VOUTA from the gate (VGATEA) of the internal PFET (PA), driving this gate voltage below VINA. This turns on PA. As VOUTA is pulled up to a forward voltage drop (VFWD) of 20mV below VINA , the LTC4413 regulates VGATEA to maintain the small forward voltage drop. The system is now in forward regulation and the load at VOUTA is powered from the supply at VINA . As the load current varies, VGATEA is controlled to maintain VFWD until the load current exceeds the transistor's (PA) ability to deliver the current as VGATEA approaches GND. At this point the PFET behaves as a fixed resistor with resistance RON, whereby the forward voltage increases slightly with increased load current. As the magnitude of IOUT increases further (such that ILOAD > IOC), the LTC4413 fixes the load current to the constant value IOC to protect the device. The characteristics for parameters RFWD , RON , VFWD and IOC are specified with the aid of Figure 2, illustrating the LTC4413 forward voltage drop versus that of a Schottky diode. If another supply is provided at VINB, the LTC4413 likewise regulates the gate voltage on PB to maintain the output voltage VOUTB just below the input voltage VINB . If this IOC CURRENT (A) SLOPE 1/RON IFWD LTC4413 SCHOTTKY DIODE SLOPE 1/RFWD alternate supply, VINB , exceeds the voltage at VINA , the LTC4413 selects this input voltage as the internal supply (VDD). This second ideal diode operates independently of the first ideal diode function. When an alternate power source is connected to the load at VOUTA (or VOUTB), the LTC4413 senses the increased voltage at VOUTA and amplifier A increases the voltage VGATEA , reducing the current through PA. When VOUTA is higher than VINA + VRTO , VGATEA is pulled up to VDD , which turns off PA. The internal power source for the LTC4413 (VDD) is then diverted to source current from the VOUTA pin, only if VOUTA is larger than VINB (or VOUTB). The system is now in the reverse turn-off mode. Power to the load is being delivered from an alternate supply and only a small current is drawn from VINA to sense the potential at VINA. When the selected channel of the LTC4413 is in reverse turn-off mode or both channels are disabled, the STAT pin sinks 9A of current (ISON) if connected. Channel selection is accomplished using the two ENB pins, ENBA and ENBB. For example with channel A, when the ENBA input is asserted (high), PA's gate voltage is pulled to VDD at a controlled rate, limiting the turn-off time to avoid voltage spiking at the input when being driven by an inductive source impedance. A 3A pull-down current on the ENBA, ENBB pins ensures a low level at these inputs if left floating. Slow Response Time The LTC4413-1 (or LTC4413-2) is recommended for applications with demanding load step or fast slew rate requirements. The LTC4413-1 and LTC4413-2 provide better load regulation in these environments at the expense of higher quiescent current. The LTC4413 is optimized for lower power consumption and should not be used in high slew rate environments or when large and fast load transients are anticipated. Overcurrent and Short-Circuit Protection 0 0 FORWARD VOLTAGE (V) 4413 F02 Figure 2 During an overcurrent condition, the output voltage droops as the load current exceeds the amount of current that the LTC4413 can supply. At the time when an overcurrent condition is first detected, the LTC4413 takes some time to 4413fd 8 For more information www.linear.com/LTC4413 LTC4413 Operation detect this condition before reducing the current to IMAX. For short durations after the output is shorted, the current may exceed IMAX . The magnitude of this peak short-circuit current can be large, depending on the load current immediately before the short circuit occurs. During overcurrent operation, the power consumption of the LTC4413 is large, and is likely to cause an overtemperature condition as the internal die temperature exceeds the thermal shutdown temperature. Overtemperature Protection The overtemperature condition is detected when the internal die temperature increases beyond 150C. An overtemperature condition causes the gate amplifiers (A and B) as well as the two P-channel MOSFETs (PA and PB) to be shut off. When the internal die temperature cools to below 140C, the amplifiers turn on and revert to normal operation. Note that prolonged operation under overtemperature conditions degrades reliability. Table 1. Mode Control ENBA ENBB STATE Low Low Diode OR (NB: The Two Outputs Are Not Connected Internal to the Device) Low High Diode A = Enabled, Diode B = Disabled High Low Diode A = Disabled, Diode B = Enabled High High All 0ff (Low Power Standby) The function of the STAT pin depends on the mode that has been selected. The following table describes the STAT pin output current as a function of the mode selected, as well as the conduction state of the two diodes. Table 2. STAT Output Pin Funtion ENBA ENBB CONDITIONS STAT Low Low Diode A Forward Bias, Diode B Forward Bias ISNK = 0A Diode A Forward Bias, Diode B Reverse Bias ISNK = 0A Diode A Reverse Bias, Diode B Forward Bias ISNK = 9A Diode A Reverse Bias, Diode B Reverse Bias ISNK = 9A Diode A Forward Bias, Diode B Disabled ISNK = 0A Diode A Reverse Bias, Diode B Disabled ISNK = 9A Diode A Disabled, Diode B Forward Bias ISNK = 0A Diode A Disabled Diode B Reverse Bias ISNK = 9A Diode A Disabled, Diode B Disabled ISNK = 9A Channel Selection and Status Output Two active-high control pins independently turn off the two ideal diodes contained within the LTC4413, controlling the operation mode as described by Table 1. When the selected channel is reverse biased, or the LTC4413 is put into low power standby, the status signal indicates this condition with a low voltage. Low High High High Low High Applications Information Introduction The LTC4413 is intended for power control applications that include low loss diode ORing, fully automatic switchover from a primary to an auxiliary source of power, microcontroller controlled switchover from a primary to an auxiliary source of power, load sharing between two or more batteries, charging of multiple batteries from a single charger and high side power switching. The LTC4413 is optimized for low quiescent power consumption at the expense of transient response. For more demanding slew rate or load transient applications, the pin compatible LTC4413-1 is recommended. Dual Battery Load Sharing with Automatic Switchover to a Wall Adapter An application circuit for dual battery load sharing with automatic switchover of load from batteries to a wall adapter is shown in Figure 3. When the wall adapter is not present, whichever battery that has the higher voltage provides the load current until it has discharged to the voltage of the other battery. The load is then shared between the two 4413fd For more information www.linear.com/LTC4413 9 LTC4413 Applications Information microcontroller's analog inputs (perhaps with the aid of a resistor voltage divider) monitors each supply input and the LTC4413 status, and then commands the LTC4413 through the two ENBA/ENBB control inputs. MP1 FDR8508 WALL ADAPTER C1 10F R1 1000k R2 200k 2 4 3,11 BATA 1-CELL Li-Ion ENBA ENBB STAT 9 GND LTC4413 IDEAL OUTA 10 1 INA Automatic Switchover from a Battery to an Auxiliary Supply or a Wall Adapter RSTAT 470k TO LOAD IDEAL 5 INB OUTB 6 BATB 1-CELL Li-Ion C1:C1206C106K8PAC C2:C1206C475K8PAC C2 4.7F 4413 F03 Figure 3 batteries according to the capacity of each battery. The higher capacity battery provides proportionally higher current to the load. When a wall adapter input is applied, the voltage divider formed by R1 and R2 disables the LTC4413, causing the STAT pin voltage to fall, turning on MP1. At this point the load is powered by the wall adapter and both batteries may be removed without interrupting the load voltage. When the wall adapter is removed, the output voltage droops until the voltage divider turns on the LTC4413, at which point the batteries revert to providing load power. The status signal can also be used to provide information as to whether the wall adapter (or BATB) is supplying the load current. Automatic PowerPath Control Figure 5 illustrates an application for implementing the function of automatic switchover from a battery to either an auxiliary supply or to a wall adapter using the LTC4413. The LTC4413 automatically senses the presence of a wall adapter as the ENBB pin voltage is pulled higher than its rising turn-off threshold of 550mV through resistive divider (R2 and R3). This disables the AUX input from powering the load. If the AUX is not present when a wall adapter is attached (i.e., the BAT is supplying load current), as the wall adapter voltage rises, the body diode in MP1 forward biases, pulling the output voltage above the BAT voltage. The LTC4413 senses a reverse voltage of as little as 10mV and turns off the ideal diode between INA and OUTA. This causes the STAT voltage to fall, turning on MP1. The load then draws current from the wall adapter, and the battery is disconnected from the load. If the AUX is not present when the wall adapter is removed, the load voltage droops until the BAT voltage exceeds the load voltage. The LTC4413 senses that the BAT voltage is greater, causing the STAT voltage to rise, disabling MP1; the BAT then provides power to the load. Figure 4 illustrates an application circuit for microcontroller monitoring and control of two power sources. The MICROCONTROLLER 2 4 3,11 PRIMARY POWER AUX POWER STAT IDEAL 5 INB OUTB 6 CB 10F R2 1000k 4 R3 100k 9 GND LTC4413 IDEAL OUTA 10 1 INA CA 10F C1 10F R1 1 STAT ENBA ENBB RSTAT 470k MP1 FDR8508 WALL ADAPTER BAT TO LOAD AUX ADAPTER C1 4.7F 4413 F04 Figure 4 ENBB STAT LTC4413 9 IDEAL OUTA 10 1 INA RSTAT 470k 3,11 GND IDEAL 5 INB OUTB 6 R4 1000k 2 R5 500k ENBA C2 4.7F TO LOAD 4413 F05 C1:C0805C106K8PAC C2:C1206C475K8PAC Figure 5 4413fd 10 For more information www.linear.com/LTC4413 LTC4413 Applications Information If the AUX is present when a wall adapter is applied, as the resistive divider to ENBB rises through the turn-off threshold, the STAT pin voltage falls and MP1 conducts, allowing the wall adapter to power the load. When the wall adapter is removed while the AUX supply is present, the load voltage falls until the voltage divider at the ENBB pin falls through its turn-on threshold. Once this occurs, the LTC4413 automatically connects the AUX supply to the load when the AUX voltage exceeds the output voltage, causing the STAT voltage to rise and disabling the external PFET. until both battery voltages are equal, then both are charged. While both batteries are charging simultaneously, the higher capacity battery gets proportionally higher current from the charger. For Li-Ion batteries, both batteries achieve the float voltage minus the forward regulation voltage of 20mV. This concept can apply to more than two batteries. The STAT pin provides information as to when battery 1 is being charged. For intelligent control, the ENBA/ENBB pin inputs can be used with a microcontroller as shown in Figure 4. When an AUX supply is attached, the voltage divider at ENBA (R4 and R5) disconnects the battery from the load, and the auxiliary supply provides load current, unless a wall adapter is present as described earlier. If the auxiliary supply is removed, the battery may again power the load, depending on if a wall adapter is present. Automatic Switchover from a Battery to a Wall Adapter and Charger Multiple Battery Charging Figure 6 illustrates an application circuit for automatic dual battery charging from a single charger. Whichever battery has the lower voltage will receive the larger charging current BATTERY CHARGER INPUT LTC4413 9 STAT IDEAL OUTA 10 1 INA STAT IS HIGH 470k WHEN BAT1 IS CHARGING LOAD1 IDEAL 5 INB OUTB 6 BAT1 2 BAT2 4 3,11 ENBA ENBB GND 4413 F06 Figure 6 LOAD2 Figure 7 illustrates the LTC4413 performing the function of automatically switching a load over from a battery to a wall adapter while controlling an LTC4059 battery charger. When no wall adapter is present, the LTC4413 connects the load at OUTA from the Li-Ion battery at INA. In this condition, the STAT voltage is high, thereby disabling the battery charger. If a wall adapter of a higher voltage than the battery is connected to INB, the load voltage rises as the second ideal diode conducts. As soon as the OUTA voltage exceeds INA voltage, the BAT is disconnected from the load and the STAT voltage falls, turning on the LTC4059 battery charger and beginning a charge cycle. If the wall adapter is removed, the voltage at INB collapses until it is below the load voltage. When this occurs, the LTC4413 automatically reconnects the battery to the load and the STAT voltage rises, disabling the LTC4059 battery charger. One major benefit of this circuit is that when a wall adapter is present, the user may remove the battery and replace it without disrupting the load. 4413fd For more information www.linear.com/LTC4413 11 LTC4413 Package Description Please refer to http://www.linear.com/designtools/packaging/ for the most recent package drawings. DD Package 10-Lead Plastic DFN (3mm x 3mm) (Reference LTC DWG # 05-08-1699 Rev C) 0.70 0.05 3.55 0.05 1.65 0.05 2.15 0.05 (2 SIDES) PACKAGE OUTLINE 0.25 0.05 0.50 BSC 2.38 0.05 (2 SIDES) RECOMMENDED SOLDER PAD PITCH AND DIMENSIONS 3.00 0.10 (4 SIDES) R = 0.125 TYP 6 0.40 0.10 10 1.65 0.10 (2 SIDES) PIN 1 NOTCH R = 0.20 OR 0.35 x 45 CHAMFER PIN 1 TOP MARK (SEE NOTE 6) 0.200 REF 0.75 0.05 0.00 - 0.05 5 1 (DD) DFN REV C 0310 0.25 0.05 0.50 BSC 2.38 0.10 (2 SIDES) BOTTOM VIEW--EXPOSED PAD NOTE: 1. DRAWING TO BE MADE A JEDEC PACKAGE OUTLINE M0-229 VARIATION OF (WEED-2). CHECK THE LTC WEBSITE DATA SHEET FOR CURRENT STATUS OF VARIATION ASSIGNMENT 2. DRAWING NOT TO SCALE 3. ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETERS 4. DIMENSIONS OF EXPOSED PAD ON BOTTOM OF PACKAGE DO NOT INCLUDE MOLD FLASH. MOLD FLASH, IF PRESENT, SHALL NOT EXCEED 0.15mm ON ANY SIDE 5. EXPOSED PAD SHALL BE SOLDER PLATED 6. SHADED AREA IS ONLY A REFERENCE FOR PIN 1 LOCATION ON THE TOP AND BOTTOM OF PACKAGE 4413fd 12 For more information www.linear.com/LTC4413 LTC4413 Revision History (Revision history begins at Rev D) REV DATE DESCRIPTION D 07/15 Changed VENB to VENBA,B in electrical characteristics PAGE NUMBER 3 Changed ENB to ENBA,B IN to INA,B and OUT to OUTA,B on plots 3 to 7 5 Added exposed pad to GND Pin Function label 6 Added sentence to paragraph prior to Slow Response section and added A,B references 8 Changed ENBA and ENBB on Tables 1 and 2 9 Added LTC4415 to Related Parts table 12 4413fd Information furnished by Linear Technology Corporation is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed for its use. Linear Technology Corporation makes no representaFor more information www.linear.com/LTC4413 tion that the interconnection of its circuits as described herein will not infringe on existing patent rights. 13 LTC4413 Typical Applications LTC4413 9 STAT IDEAL OUTA 10 1 INA LTC4059 VCC BAT ENB PROG Li CC GND WALL ADAPTER 2 1-CELL Li-Ion R2 100k 4 3,11 R1 560k ENBA ENBB GND IDEAL 5 INB OUTB 6 C1: C0805C106K8PAC C2: C1206C475K8PAC C1 10F C2 4.7F TO LOAD 4413 F07 Figure 7 Related Parts PART NUMBER DESCRIPTION COMMENTS LTC1558/LTC1559 Backup Battery Controller with Programmable Adjustable Backup Voltage from 1.2V NiCd Button Cell, Includes Boost Converter Output LTC1998 2.5A, 1% Accurate Programmable Battery Detector Adjustable Trip Voltage/Hysteresis, ThinSOTTM LTC4054 800mA Standalone Linear Li-Ion Battery Charger with Thermal Regulation in ThinSOT No External MOSFET, Sense Resistor or Blocking Diode Required, Charge Current Monitor for Gas Gauging, C/10 Charge Termination LTC4055 USB Power Controller and Li-Ion Charger Automatic Switchover, Charges 1-Cell Li-Ion Batteries LTC4085 USB Power Manager with Ideal Diode Controller and Li-Ion Charger Charges Single Cell Li-Ion Batteries Directly from a USB Port, Thermal Regulation, 200m Ideal Diode with <50m Option, 4mm x 3mm 14-Lead DFN Package LTC4350 Hot Swappable Load Share Controller Allows N + 1 Redundant Supply, Equally Loads Multiple Power Supplies Connected in Parallel LT4351 MOSFET Diode-OR Controller 1.2V to 18V Input, Internal Boost Regulator for Driving N-Channel MOSFET LTC4411 2.6A Low Loss Ideal Diode in ThinSOT Load Sharing No External MOSFET, Automatic Switching Between DC Sources, Simplified LTC4412/LTC4412HV PowerPath Controllers in ThinSOT More Efficient than Diode ORing, Automatic Switching Between DC Sources, Simplified Load Sharing, 3V VIN 28V (3V VIN 36V for HV) LTC4413-1/LTC4413-2 Dual 2.6A, 2.5V to 5.5V Fast Ideal Diodes in 3mm x 3mm DFN Fast Pin Compatible Replacement for the LTC4413 (LTC4413-2 with Overvoltage Protection) LTC4415 Dual P-Channel 50m Ideal Diodes, 1.7V to 5.5V Input, 15mV Forward Drop, MSOP-16 and 3mm x 5mm DFN-16 Packages Dual 4A Ideal Diodes with Adjustable Current Limit 4413fd 14 Linear Technology Corporation 1630 McCarthy Blvd., Milpitas, CA 95035-7417 For more information www.linear.com/LTC4413 (408) 432-1900 FAX: (408) 434-0507 www.linear.com/LTC4413 LT 0715 REV D * PRINTED IN USA LINEAR TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION 2004