LM78XX/LM78XXA — 3-Terminal 1A Positive Voltage Regulator
© 2012 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation www.fairchildsemi.com
LM78XX/LM78XXA Rev. 1.2 1
August 2012
LM78XX/LM78XXA
3-Terminal 1A Positive Voltage Regulator
Features
• Output Current up to 1A
• Output Voltages of 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 12, 15, 18, 24
• Thermal Overl o ad Protection
• Short Circuit Protection
• Output Transistor Safe Operating Area Protection
Ordering Information
Product Number Output Voltage Tolerance Package Operating Temperature
LM7805CT ±4% TO-220 (Single Gauge) -40C to +125C
LM7806CT
LM7808CT
LM7809CT
LM7810CT
LM7812CT
LM7815CT
LM7818CT
LM7824CT
LM7805ACT ±2% 0C to +125C
LM7806ACT
LM7808ACT
LM7809ACT
LM7810ACT
LM7812ACT
LM7815ACT
LM7818ACT
LM7824ACT
General Description
The LM78XX series of three terminal positive regulators
are available in the TO-220 package and with several
fixed output voltages, making them useful in a wide
range of applications. Each type employs internal current
limiting, thermal shut down and safe operating area pro-
tection, making it essentially indestructible. If adequate
heat sinking is provid ed, they can deliver over 1A output
current. Although designed primarily as fixed voltage
regulators, th ese device s can b e us ed wi th ext ernal com-
ponents to obtain adjustable voltages and currents.
2
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LM78XX/LM78XXA Rev. 1.2
LM78XX/LM78XXA 3-Terminal 1A Positive Voltage Regulator
Block Diagram
Figure 1.
Pin Assignment
Figure 2.
Absolute Maximum Ratings
Absolute maximum ratings are those values beyond which damage to the device may occur. The datasheet
specifications should be met, without exception, to ensure that the system design is reliable over its power supply,
temperature, and output/input loading variables. Fairchild does not recommend operation outside datasheet
specifications.
Symbol Parameter Value Unit
V
I
Input Voltage V
O
= 5V to 18V 35 V
V
O
= 24V 40 V
R
θ
JC
Thermal Resistance Junction-Cases (TO-220) 5 °C/W
R
θ
JA
Thermal Resistance Junction-Air (TO-220) 65 °C/W
T
OPR
Operating Temperature
Range
LM78xx -40 to +125 °C
LM78xxA 0 to +125
T
STG
Storage Temperature Range -65 to +150 °C
Starting
Circuit
Input
1
Reference
Voltage
Current
Generator
SOA
Protection
Thermal
Protection
Series Pass
Element
Error
Amplifier
Output
3
GND
2
1
1. Input
2. GND
3. Output
GND
TO-220 (Single Gauge)
3
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LM78XX/LM78XXA Rev. 1.2
LM78XX/LM78XXA 3-Terminal 1A Positive Voltage Regulator
Electrical Characteristics (LM7805)
Refer to the test circuits. -40°C
<
T
J
<
125°C, I
O
= 500mA, V
I
= 10V, C
I
= 0.1
µ
F, unless otherwise specified.
Notes:
1. Load and line regulation are specified at constant junction temperature. Changes in V
O
due to heating effects must
be taken into account separately. Pulse testing with low duty is used.
2. These parameters, although guaranteed, are not 100% tested in production.
Symbol Parameter Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit
V
O
Output Voltage T
J
= +25°C 4.8 5.0 5.2 V
5mA
≤
I
O
≤
1A, P
O
≤
15W,
V
I
= 7V to 20V
4.75 5.0 5.25
Regline Line Regulation
(1)
T
J
= +25°C V
O
= 7V to 25V – 4.0 100 mV
V
I
= 8V to 12V – 1.6 50.0
Regload Load Regulation
(1)
T
J
= +25°C I
O
= 5mA to 1.5A – 9.0 100 mV
I
O
= 250mA to 750mA – 4.0 50.0
I
Q
Quiescent Current T
J
= +25°C – 5.0 8.0 mA
∆
I
Q
Quiescent Current Change I
O
= 5mA to 1A – 0.03 0.5 mA
V
I
= 7V to 25V – 0.3 1.3
∆
V
O
/
∆
TOutput Voltage Drift
(2)
I
O
= 5mA – -0.8 – mV/°C
V
N
Output Noise Voltage f = 10Hz to 100kHz, T
A
= +25°C – 42.0 –
µ
V/V
O
RR Ripple Rejection
(2)
f = 120Hz, V
O
= 8V to 18V 62.0 73.0 – dB
V
DROP
Dropout Voltage I
O
= 1A, T
J
= +25°C – 2.0 – V
r
O
Output Resistance
(2)
f = 1kHz – 15.0 – m
Ω
I
SC
Short Circuit Current V
I
= 35V, T
A
= +25°C – 230 – mA
I
PK
Peak Current
(2)
T
J
= +25°C – 2.2 – A
4
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LM78XX/LM78XXA Rev. 1.2
LM78XX/LM78XXA 3-Terminal 1A Positive Voltage Regulator
Electrical Characteristics (LM7806)
(Continued)
Refer to the test circuits. -40°C
<
T
J
<
125°C, I
O
= 500mA, V
I
= 11V, C
I
= 0.33
µ
F, C
O
= 0.1
µ
F, unless otherwise specified.
Notes:
3. Load and line regulation are specified at constant junction temperature. Changes in V
O
due to heating effects must
be taken into account separately. Pulse testing with low duty is used.
4. These parameters, although guaranteed, are not 100% tested in production.
Symbol Parameter Conditions Min Typ. Max. Unit
V
O
Output Voltage T
J
= +25°C 5.75 6.0 6.25 V
5mA
≤
I
O
≤
1A, P
O
≤
15W,
V
I
= 8.0V to 21V
5.7 6.0 6.3
Regline Line Regulation
(3)
T
J
= +25°C V
I
= 8V to 25V – 5.0 120 mV
V
I
= 9V to 13V – 1.5 60.0
Regload Load Regulation
(3)
T
J
= +25°C I
O
= 5mA to 1.5A – 9.0 120 mV
I
O
= 250mA to 750mA – 3.0 60.0
I
Q
Quiescent Current T
J
= +25°C – 5.0 8.0 mA
∆
I
Q
Quiescent Current
Change
I
O
= 5mA to 1A – – 0.5 mA
V
I
= 8V to 25V – – 1.3
∆
V
O
/
∆
TOutput Voltage Drift
(4)
I
O
= 5mA – -0.8 – mV/°C
V
N
Output Noise Voltage f = 10Hz to 100kHz, T
A
= +25°C – 45.0 –
µ
V/V
O
RR Ripple Rejection
(4)
f = 120Hz, V
O
= 8V to 18V 62.0 73.0 – dB
VDROP Dropout Voltage IO = 1A, TJ = +25°C – 2.0 – V
rOOutput Resistance(4) f = 1kHz – 19.0 – mΩ
ISC Short Circuit Current VI = 35V, TA = +25°C – 250 – mA
IPK Peak Current(4) TJ = +25°C – 2.2 – A
5www.fairchildsemi.com
LM78XX/LM78XXA Rev. 1.2
LM78XX/LM78XXA 3-Terminal 1A Positive Voltage Regulator
Electrical Characteristics (LM7808) (Continued)
Refer to the test circuits. -40°C < TJ < 125°C, IO = 500mA, VI = 14V, CI = 0.33µF, C O = 0.1µF, unless otherwise specified.
Notes:
5. Load and line regulation are specified at constant junction temperature. Changes in VO due to heating effects must
be taken into account separately. Pulse testing with low duty is used.
6. These parameters, although guaranteed, are not 100% tested in production.
Symbol Parameter Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit
VOOutput Voltage TJ = +25°C 7.7 8.0 8.3 V
5mA ≤ IO ≤ 1A, PO ≤ 15W,
VI = 10.5V to 23V
7.6 8.0 8.4
Regline Line Regulation(5) TJ = +25°C VI = 10.5V to 25V – 5.0 160 mV
VI = 11.5V to 17V – 2.0 80.0
Regload Load Regulation(5) TJ = +25°C IO = 5mA to 1.5A – 10.0 160 mV
IO = 250mA to 750mA – 5.0 80.0
IQQuiescent Current TJ = +25°C – 5.0 8.0 mA
∆IQQuiescent Current Change IO = 5mA to 1A – 0.05 0.5 mA
VI = 10.5V to 25V – 0.5 1.0
∆VO/∆TOutput Voltage Drift(6) IO = 5mA – -0.8 – mV/°C
VNOutput Noise Voltage f = 10Hz to 100kHz, T
A = +25°C – 52.0 – µV/VO
RR Ripple Rejection(6) f = 120Hz, VO = 11.5V to 21.5V 56.0 73.0 – dB
VDROP Dropout Voltage IO = 1A, TJ = +25°C – 2.0 – V
rOOutput Resistance(6) f = 1kHz – 17.0 – mΩ
ISC Short Circuit Current VI = 35V, TA = +25°C – 230 – mA
IPK Peak Current(6) TJ = +25°C – 2.2 – A
6www.fairchildsemi.com
LM78XX/LM78XXA 3-Terminal 1A Positive Voltage Regulator
Electrical Characteristics (LM7809) (Continued)
Refer to the test circuits. -40°C < TJ < 125°C, IO = 500mA, VI = 15V, CI = 0.33µF, C O = 0.1µF, unless otherwise specified.
Notes:
7. Load and line regulation are specified at constant junction temperature. Changes in VO due to heating effects must
be taken into account separately. Pulse testing with low duty is used.
8. These parameters, although guaranteed, are not 100% tested in production.
Symbol Parameter Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit
VOOutput Voltage TJ = +25°C 8.65 9.0 9.35 V
5mA ≤ IO ≤ 1A, PO ≤ 15W,
VI = 11.5V to 24V
8.6 9.0 9.4
Regline Line Regulation(7) TJ = +25°C VI = 11.5V to 25V – 6.0 180 mV
VI = 12V to 17V – 2.0 90.0
Regload Load Regulation(7) T
J = +25°C IO = 5mA to 1.5A – 12.0 180 mV
IO = 250mA to 750mA – 4.0 90.0
IQQuiescent Current TJ = +25°C – 5.0 8.0 mA
∆IQQuiescent Current Change IO = 5mA to 1A – – 0.5 mA
VI = 11.5V to 26V – – 1.3
∆VO/∆TOutput Voltage Drift(8) IO = 5mA – -1.0 – mV/°C
VNOutput Noise Voltage f = 10Hz to 100kHz, T
A = +25°C – 58.0 – µV/VO
RR Ripple Rejection(8) f = 120Hz, VO = 13V to 23V 56.0 71.0 – dB
VDROP Dropout Voltage IO = 1A, TJ = +25°C – 2.0 – V
rOOutput Resistance(8) f = 1kHz – 17.0 – mΩ
ISC Short Circuit Current VI = 35V, TA = +25°C – 250 – mA
IPK Peak Current(8) TJ = +25°C – 2.2 – A
LM78XX/LM78XXA Rev. 1.2
7www.fairchildsemi.com
LM78XX/LM78XXA 3-Terminal 1A Positive Voltage Regulator
Electrical Characteristics (LM7810) (Continued)
Refer to the test circuits. -40°C < TJ < 125°C, IO = 500mA, VI = 16V, CI = 0.33µF, C O = 0.1µF, unless otherwise specified.
Notes:
9. Load and line regulation are specified at constant junction temperature. Changes in VO due to heating effects must
be taken into account separately. Pulse testing with low duty is used.
10. These parameters, although guaranteed, are not 100% tested in production.
Symbol Parameter Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit
VOOutput Voltage TJ = +25°C 9.6 10.0 10.4 V
5mA ≤ IO ≤ 1A, PO ≤ 15W,
VI = 12.5V to 25V
9.5 10.0 10.5
Regline Line Regulation(9) TJ = +25°C VI = 12.5V to 25V – 10.0 200 mV
VI = 13V to 25V – 3.0 100
Regload Load Regulation(9) TJ = +25°C IO = 5mA to 1.5A – 12.0 200 mV
IO = 250mA to 750mA – 4.0 400
IQQuiescent Current TJ = +25°C – 5.1 8.0 mA
∆IQQuiescent Current Change IO = 5mA to 1A – – 0.5 mA
VI = 12.5V to 29V – – 1.0
∆VO/∆TOutput Voltage Drift(10) IO = 5mA – -1.0 – mV/°C
VNOutput Noise Voltage f = 10Hz to 100kHz, T
A = +25°C – 58.0 – µV/VO
RR Ripple Rejection(10) f = 120Hz, VO = 13V to 23V 56.0 71.0 – dB
VDROP Dropout Voltage IO = 1A, TJ = +25°C – 2.0 – V
rOOutput Resistance(10) f = 1kHz – 17.0 – mΩ
ISC Short Circuit Current VI = 35V, TA = +25°C – 250 – mA
IPK Peak Current(10) TJ = +25°C – 2.2 – A
LM78XX/LM78XXA Rev. 1.2
8www.fairchildsemi.com
LM78XX/LM78XXA Rev. 1.2
LM78XX/LM78XXA 3-Terminal 1A Positive Voltage Regulator
Electrical Characteristics (LM7812) (Continued)
Refer to the test circuits. -40°C < TJ < 125°C, IO = 500mA, VI = 19V, CI = 0.33µF, C O = 0.1µF, unless otherwise specified.
Notes:
11. Load and line regulation are specified at constant junction temperature. Changes in VO due to heating effects must
be taken into account separately. Pulse testing with low duty is used.
12. These parameters, although guaranteed, are not 100% tested in production.
Symbol Parameter Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit
VOOutput Voltage TJ = +25°C 11.5 12.0 12.5 V
5mA ≤ IO ≤ 1A, PO ≤ 15W,
VI = 14.5V to 27V
11.4 12.0 12.6
Regline Line Regulation(11) TJ = +25°C VI = 14.5V to 30V – 10.0 240 mV
VI = 16V to 22V – 3.0 120
Regload Load Regulation(11) TJ = +25°C IO = 5mA to 1.5A – 11.0 240 mV
IO = 250mA to 750mA – 5.0 120
IQQuiescent Current TJ = +25°C – 5.1 8.0 mA
∆IQQuiescent Current Change IO = 5mA to 1A – 0.1 0.5 mA
VI = 14.5V to 30V – 0.5 1.0
∆VO/∆TOutput Voltage Drift(12) IO = 5mA – -1.0 – mV/°C
VNOutput Noise Voltage f = 10Hz to 100kHz, T
A = +25°C – 76.0 – µV/VO
RR Ripple Rejection(12) f = 120Hz, VI = 15V to 25V 55.0 71.0 – dB
VDROP Dropout Voltage IO = 1A, TJ = +25°C – 2.0 – V
rOOutput Resistance(12) f = 1kHz – 18.0 – mΩ
ISC Short Circuit Current VI = 35V, TA = +25°C – 230 – mA
IPK Peak Current(12) TJ = +25°C – 2.2 – A
9www.fairchildsemi.com
LM78XX/LM78XXA Rev. 1.2
LM78XX/LM78XXA 3-Terminal 1A Positive Voltage Regulator
Electrical Characteristics (LM7815) (Continued)
Refer to the test circuits. -40°C < TJ < 125°C, IO = 500mA, VI = 23V, CI = 0.33µF, C O = 0.1µF, unless otherwise specified.
Notes:
13. Load and line regulation are specified at constant junction temperature. Changes in VO due to heating effects must
be taken into account separately. Pulse testing with low duty is used.
14. These parameters, although guaranteed, are not 100% tested in production.
Symbol Parameter Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit
VOOutput Voltage TJ = +25°C 14.4 15.0 15.6 V
5mA ≤ IO ≤ 1A, PO ≤ 15W,
VI = 17.5V to 30V
14.25 15.0 15.75
Regline Line Regulation(13) TJ = +25°C VI = 17.5V to 30V – 11.0 300 mV
VI = 20V to 26V – 3.0 150
Regload Load Regulation(13) TJ = +25°C IO = 5mA to 1.5A – 12.0 300 mV
IO = 250mA to 750mA – 4.0 150
IQQuiescent Current TJ = +25°C – 5.2 8.0 mA
∆IQQuiescent Current Change IO = 5mA to 1A – – 0.5 mA
VI = 17.5V to 30V – – 1.0
∆VO/∆TOutput Voltage Drift(14) IO = 5mA – -1.0 – mV/°C
VNOutput Noise Voltage f = 10Hz to 100kHz, T
A = +25°C – 90.0 – µV/VO
RR Ripple Rejection(14) f = 120Hz, VI = 18.5V to 28.5V 54.0 70.0 – dB
VDROP Dropout Voltage IO = 1A, TJ = +25°C – 2.0 – V
rOOutput Resistance(14) f = 1kHz – 19.0 – mΩ
ISC Short Circuit Current VI = 35V, TA = +25°C – 250 – mA
IPK Peak Current(14) TJ = +25°C – 2.2 – A
10 www.fairchildsemi.com
LM78XX/LM78XXA Rev. 1.2
LM78XX/LM78XXA 3-Terminal 1A Positive Voltage Regulator
Electrical Characteristics (LM7818) (Continued)
Refer to the test circuits. -40°C < TJ < 125°C, IO = 500mA, VI = 27V, CI = 0.33µF, C O = 0.1µF, unless otherwise specified.
Notes:
15. Load and line regulation are specified at constant junction temperature. Changes in VO due to heating effects must
be taken into account separately. Pulse testing with low duty is used.
16. These parameters, although guaranteed, are not 100% tested in production.
Symbol Parameter Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit
VOOutput Voltage TJ = +25°C 17.3 18.0 18.7 V
5mA ≤ IO ≤ 1A, PO ≤ 15W,
VI = 21V to 33V
17.1 18.0 18.9
Regline Line Regulation(15) TJ = +25°C VI = 21V to 33V – 15.0 360 mV
VI = 24V to 30V – 5.0 180
Regload Load Regulation(15) TJ = +25°C IO = 5mA to 1.5A – 15.0 360 mV
IO = 250mA to 750mA – 5.0 180
IQQuiescent Current TJ = +25°C – 5.2 8.0 mA
∆IQQuiescent Current Change IO = 5mA to 1A – – 0.5 mA
VI = 21V to 33V – – 1.0
∆VO/∆TOutput Voltage Drift(16) IO = 5mA – -1.0 – mV/°C
VNOutput Noise Voltage f = 10Hz to 100kHz, T
A = +25°C – 110 – µV/VO
RR Ripple Rejection(16) f = 120Hz, VI = 22V to 32V 53.0 69.0 – dB
VDROP Dropout Voltage IO = 1A, TJ = +25°C – 2.0 – V
rOOutput Resistance(16) f = 1kHz – 22.0 – mΩ
ISC Short Circuit Current VI = 35V, TA = +25°C – 250 – mA
IPK Peak Current(16) TJ = +25°C – 2.2 – A
11 www.fairchildsemi.com
LM78XX/LM78XXA Rev. 1.2
LM78XX/LM78XXA 3-Terminal 1A Positive Voltage Regulator
Electrical Characteristics (LM7824) (Continued)
Refer to the test circuits. -40°C < TJ < 125°C, IO = 500mA, VI = 33V, CI = 0.33µF, C O = 0.1µF, unless otherwise specified.
Notes:
17. Load and line regulation are specified at constant junction temperature. Changes in VO due to heating effects must
be taken into account separately. Pulse testing with low duty is used.
18. These parameters, although guaranteed, are not 100% tested in production.
Symbol Parameter Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit
VOOutput Voltage TJ = +25°C 23.0 24.0 25.0 V
5mA ≤ IO ≤ 1A, PO ≤ 15W,
VI = 27V to 38V
22.8 24.0 25.25
Regline Line Regulation(17) TJ = +25°C VI = 27V to 38V – 17.0 480 mV
VI = 30V to 36V – 6.0 240
Regload Load Regulation(17) TJ = +25°C IO = 5mA to 1.5A – 15.0 480 mV
IO = 250mA to 750mA – 5.0 240
IQQuiescent Current TJ = +25°C – 5.2 8.0 mA
∆IQQuiescent Current Change IO = 5mA to 1A – 0.1 0.5 mA
VI = 27V to 38V – 0.5 1.0
∆VO/∆TOutput Voltage Drift(18) IO = 5mA – -1.5 – mV/°C
VNOutput Noise Voltage f = 10Hz to 100kHz, T
A = +25°C – 60.0 – µV/VO
RR Ripple Rejection(18) f = 120Hz, VI = 28V to 38V 50.0 67.0 – dB
VDROP Dropout Voltage IO = 1A, TJ = +25°C – 2.0 – V
rO Output Resistance(18) f = 1kHz – 28.0 – mΩ
ISC Short Circuit Current VI = 35V, TA = +25°C – 230 – mA
IPK Peak Current(18) TJ = +25°C – 2.2 – A
12 www.fairchildsemi.com
LM78XX/LM78XXA Rev. 1.2
LM78XX/LM78XXA 3-Terminal 1A Positive Voltage Regulator
Electrical Characteristics (LM7805A) (Continued)
Refer to the test circuits. 0°C < TJ < 125°C, IO = 1A, VI = 10V, CI = 0.33µF, C O = 0.1µF, unless otherwise specified.
Notes:
19. Load and line regulation are specified at constant junction temperature. Changes in VO due to heating effects must
be taken into account separately. Pulse testing with low duty is used.
20. These parameters, although guaranteed, are not 100% tested in production.
Symbol Parameter Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit
VOOutput Voltage TJ = +25°C 4.9 5.0 5.1 V
IO = 5mA to 1A, PO ≤ 15W,
VI = 7.5V to 20V
4.8 5.0 5.2
Regline Line Regulation(19) VI = 7.5V to 25V, IO = 500mA – 5.0 50.0 mV
VI = 8V to 12V – 3.0 50.0
TJ = +25°C VI = 7.3V to 20V – 5.0 50.0
VI = 8V to 12V – 1.5 25.0
Regload Load Regulation(19) TJ = +25°C, IO = 5mA to 1.5A – 9.0 100 mV
IO = 5mA to 1A – 9.0 100
IO = 250mA to 750mA – 4.0 50.0
IQQuiescent Current TJ = +25°C – 5.0 6.0 mA
∆IQQuiescent Current
Change
IO = 5mA to 1A – – 0.5 mA
VI = 8V to 25V, IO = 500mA – – 0.8
VI = 7.5V to 20V, TJ = +25°C – – 0.8
∆VO/∆TOutput Voltage Drift(20) IO = 5mA – -0.8 – mV/°C
VNOutput Noise Voltage f = 10Hz to 100kHz, T
A = +25°C – 10.0 – µV/VO
RR Ripple Rejection(20) f = 120Hz, IO = 500mA, VI = 8V to 18V – 68.0 – dB
VDROP Dropout Voltage IO = 1A, TJ = +25°C – 2.0 – V
rOOutput Resistance(20) f = 1kHz – 17.0 – mΩ
ISC Short Circuit Current VI = 35V, TA = +25°C – 250 – mA
IPK Peak Current(20) TJ = +25°C – 2.2 – A
13 www.fairchildsemi.com
LM78XX/LM78XXA Rev. 1.2
LM78XX/LM78XXA 3-Terminal 1A Positive Voltage Regulator
Electrical Characteristics (LM7806A) (Continued)
Refer to the test circuits. 0°C < TJ < 125°C, IO = 1A, VI = 11V, CI = 0.33µF, C O = 0.1µF, unless otherwise specified.
Notes:
21. Load and line regulation are specified at constant junction temperature. Changes in VO due to heating effects must
be taken into account separately. Pulse testing with low duty is used.
22. These parameters, although guaranteed, are not 100% tested in production.
Symbol Parameter Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit
VOOutput Voltage TJ = +25°C 5.58 6.0 6.12 V
IO = 5mA to 1A, PO ≤ 15W,
VI = 8.6V to 21V
5.76 6.0 6.24
Regline Line Regulation(21) VI = 8.6V to 25V, IO = 500mA – 5.0 60.0 mV
VI = 9V to 13V – 3.0 60.0
TJ = +25°C VI = 8.3V to 21V – 5.0 60.0
VI = 9V to 13V – 1.5 30.0
Regload Load Regulation(21) TJ = +25°C, IO = 5mA to 1.5A – 9.0 100 mV
IO = 5mA to 1A – 9.0 100
IO = 250mA to 750mA – 5.0 50.0
IQQuiescent Current TJ = +25°C – 4.3 6.0 mA
∆IQQuiescent Current Change IO = 5mA to 1A – – 0.5 mA
VI = 19V to 25V, IO = 500mA – – 0.8
VI = 8.5V to 21V, TJ = +25°C – – 0.8
∆VO/∆TOutput Voltage Drift(22) IO = 5mA – -0.8 – mV/°C
VNOutput Noise Voltage f = 10Hz to 100kHz, T
A = +25°C – 10.0 – µV/VO
RR Ripple Rejection(22) f = 120Hz, IO = 500mA, VI = 9V to 19V – 65.0 – dB
VDROP Dropout Voltage IO = 1A, TJ = +25°C – 2.0 – V
rOOutput Resistance(22) f = 1kHz – 17.0 – mΩ
ISC Short Circuit Current VI = 35V, TA = +25°C – 250 – mA
IPK Peak Current(22) TJ = +25°C – 2.2 – A
14 www.fairchildsemi.com
LM78XX/LM78XXA Rev. 1.2
LM78XX/LM78XXA 3-Terminal 1A Positive Voltage Regulator
Electrical Characteristics (LM7808A) (Continued)
Refer to the test circuits. 0°C < TJ < 125°C, IO = 1A, VI = 14V, CI = 0.33µF, C O = 0.1µF, unless otherwise specified.
Notes:
23. Load and line regulation are specified at constant junction temperature. Changes in VO due to heating effects must
be taken into account separately. Pulse testing with low duty is used.
24. These parameters, although guaranteed, are not 100% tested in production.
Symbol Parameter Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit
VOOutput Voltage TJ = +25°C 7.84 8.0 8.16 V
IO = 5mA to 1A, PO ≤ 15W,
VI = 10.6V to 23V
7.7 8.0 8.3
Regline Line Regulation(23) VI = 10.6V to 25V, IO = 500mA – 6.0 80.0 mV
VI = 11V to 17V – 3.0 80.0
TJ = +25°C VI = 10.4V to 23V – 6.0 80.0
VI = 11V to 17V – 2.0 40.0
Regload Load Regulation(23) TJ = +25°C, IO = 5mA to 1.5A – 12.0 100 mV
IO = 5mA to 1A – 12.0 100
IO = 250mA to 750mA – 5.0 50.0
IQQuiescent Current TJ = +25°C – 5.0 6.0 mA
∆IQQuiescent Current Change IO = 5mA to 1A – – 0.5 mA
VI = 11V to 25V, IO = 500mA – – 0.8
VI = 10.6V to 23V, TJ = +25°C – – 0.8
∆VO/∆TOutput Voltage Drift(24) IO = 5mA – -0.8 – mV/°C
VNOutput Noise Voltage f = 10Hz to 100kHz, T
A = +25°C – 10.0 – µV/VO
RR Ripple Rejection(24) f = 120Hz, IO = 500mA,
VI = 11.5V to 21.5V
– 62.0 – dB
VDROP Dropout Voltage IO = 1A, TJ = +25°C – 2.0 – V
rOOutput Resistance(24) f = 1kHz – 18.0 – mΩ
ISC Short Circuit Current VI = 35V, TA = +25°C – 250 – mA
IPK Peak Current(24) TJ = +25°C – 2.2 – A
15 www.fairchildsemi.com
LM78XX/LM78XXA Rev. 1.2
LM78XX/LM78XXA 3-Terminal 1A Positive Voltage Regulator
Electrical Characteristics (LM7809A) (Continued)
Refer to the test circuits. 0°C < TJ < 125°C, IO = 1A, VI = 15V, CI = 0.33µF, C O = 0.1µF, unless otherwise specified.
Notes:
25. Load and line regulation are specified at constant junction temperature. Changes in VO due to heating effects must
be taken into account separately. Pulse testing with low duty is used.
26. These parameters, although guaranteed, are not 100% tested in production.
Symbol Parameter Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Units
VOOutput Voltage TJ = +25°C 8.82 9.0 9.16 V
IO = 5mA to 1A, PO ≤ 15W,
VI = 11.2V to 24V
8.65 9.0 9.35
Regline Line Regulation(25) VI = 11.7V to 25V, IO = 500mA – 6.0 90.0 mV
VI = 12.5V to 19V – 4.0 45.0
TJ = +25°C VI = 11.5V to 24V – 6.0 90.0
VI = 12.5V to 19V – 2.0 45.0
Regload Load Regulation(25) TJ = +25°C, IO = 5mA to 1.5A – 12.0 100 mV
IO = 5mA to 1A – 12.0 100
IO = 250mA to 750mA – 5.0 50.0
IQQuiescent Current TJ = +25°C – 5.0 6.0 mA
∆IQQuiescent Current Change IO = 5mA to 1A – – 0.5 mA
VI = 12V to 25V, IO = 500mA – – 0.8
VI = 11.7V to 25V, TJ = +25°C – – 0.8
∆VO/∆TOutput Voltage Drift(26) IO = 5mA – -1.0 – mV/°C
VNOutput Noise Voltage f = 10Hz to 100kHz, T
A = +25°C – 10.0 – µV/VO
RR Ripple Rejection(26) f = 120Hz, IO = 500mA,
VI = 12V to 22V
– 62.0 – dB
VDROP Dropout Voltage IO = 1A, TJ = +25°C – 2.0 – V
rOOutput Resistance(26) f = 1kHz – 17.0 – mΩ
ISC Short Circuit Current VI = 35V, TA = +25°C – 250 – mA
IPK Peak Current(26) TJ = +25°C – 2.2 – A
16 www.fairchildsemi.com
LM78XX/LM78XXA Rev. 1.2
LM78XX/LM78XXA 3-Terminal 1A Positive Voltage Regulator
Electrical Characteristics (LM7810A) (Continued)
Refer to the test circuits. 0°C < TJ < 125°C, IO = 1A, VI = 16V, CI = 0.33µF, C O = 0.1µF, unless otherwise specified.
Notes:
27. Load and line regulation are specified at constant junction temperature. Changes in VO due to heating effects must
be taken into account separately. Pulse testing with low duty is used.
28. These parameters, although guaranteed, are not 100% tested in production.
Symbol Parameter Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Units
VOOutput Voltage TJ = +25°C 9.8 10.0 10.2 V
IO = 5mA to 1A, PO ≤ 15W,
VI = 12.8V to 25V
9.6 10.0 10.4
Regline Line Regulation(27) VI = 12.8V to 26V, IO = 500mA – 8.0 100 mV
VI = 13V to 20V – 4.0 50.0
TJ = +25°C VI = 12.5V to 25V – 8.0 100
VI = 13V to 20V – 3.0 50.0
Regload Load Regulation(27) TJ = +25°C, IO = 5mA to 1.5A – 12.0 100 mV
IO = 5mA to 1A – 12.0 100
IO = 250mA to 750mA – 5.0 50.0
IQQuiescent Current TJ = +25°C – 5.0 6.0 mA
∆IQQuiescent Current
Change
IO = 5mA to 1A – – 0.5 mA
VI = 12.8V to 25V, IO = 500mA – – 0.8
VI = 13V to 26V, TJ = +25°C – – 0.5
∆VO/∆TOutput Voltage Drift(28) IO = 5mA – -1.0 – mV/°C
VNOutput Noise Voltage f = 10Hz to 100kHz, T
A = +25°C – 10.0 – µV/VO
RR Ripple Rejection(28) f = 120Hz, IO = 500mA, VI = 14V to 24V – 62.0 – dB
VDROP Dropout Voltage IO = 1A, TJ = +25°C – 2.0 – V
rOOutput Resistance(28) f = 1kHz – 17.0 – mΩ
ISC Short Circuit Current VI = 35V, TA = +25°C – 250 – mA
IPK Peak Current(28) TJ = +25°C – 2.2 – A
17 www.fairchildsemi.com
LM78XX/LM78XXA Rev. 1.2
LM78XX/LM78XXA 3-Terminal 1A Positive Voltage Regulator
Electrical Characteristics (LM7812A) (Continued)
Refer to the test circuits. 0°C < TJ < 125°C, IO = 1A, VI = 19V, CI = 0.33µF, C O = 0.1µF, unless otherwise specified.
Note:
29. Load and line regulation are specified at constant junction temperature. Changes in VO due to heating effects must
be taken into account separately. Pulse testing with low duty is used.
30. These parameters, although guaranteed, are not 100% tested in production.
Symbol Parameter Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Units
VOOutput Voltage TJ = +25°C 11.75 12.0 12.25 V
IO = 5mA to 1A, PO ≤ 15W,
VI = 14.8V to 27V
11.5 12.0 12.5
Regline Line Regulation(29) VI = 14.8V to 30V, IO = 500mA – 10.0 120 mV
VI = 16V to 22V – 4.0 120
TJ = +25°C VI = 14.5V to 27V – 10.0 120
VI = 16V to 22V – 3.0 60.0
Regload Load Regulation(29) TJ = +25°C, IO = 5mA to 1.5A – 12.0 100 mV
IO = 5mA to 1A – 12.0 100
IO = 250mA to 750mA – 5.0 50.0
IQQuiescent Current TJ = +25°C – 5.1 6.0 mA
∆IQQuiescent Current Change IO = 5mA to 1A – – 0.5 mA
VI = 14V to 27V, IO = 500mA – – 0.8
VI = 15V to 30V, TJ = +25°C – – 0.8
∆VO/∆TOutput Voltage Drift(30) IO = 5mA – -1.0 – mV/°C
VNOutput Noise Voltage f = 10Hz to 100kHz, T
A = +25°C – 10.0 – µV/VO
RR Ripple Rejection(30) f = 120Hz, IO = 500mA,
VI = 14V to 24V
– 60.0 – dB
VDROP Dropout Voltage IO = 1A, TJ = +25°C – 2.0 – V
rOOutput Resistance(30) f = 1kHz – 18.0 – mΩ
ISC Short Circuit Current VI = 35V, TA = +25°C – 250 – mA
IPK Peak Current(30) TJ = +25°C – 2.2 – A
18 www.fairchildsemi.com
LM78XX/LM78XXA Rev. 1.2
LM78XX/LM78XXA 3-Terminal 1A Positive Voltage Regulator
Electrical Characteristics (LM7815A) (Continued)
Refer to the test circuits. 0°C < TJ < 125°C, IO = 1A, VI = 23V, CI = 0.33µF, C O = 0.1µF, unless otherwise specified.
Notes:
31. Load and line regulation are specified at constant junction temperature. Changes in VO due to heating effects must
be taken into account separately. Pulse testing with low duty is used.
32. These parameters, although guaranteed, are not 100% tested in production.
Symbol Parameter Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Units
VOOutput Voltage TJ = +25°C 14.75 15.0 15.3 V
IO = 5mA to 1A, PO ≤ 15W,
VI = 17.7V to 30V
14.4 15.0 15.6
Regline Line Regulation(31) VI = 17.4V to 30V, IO = 500mA – 10.0 150 mV
VI = 20V to 26V – 5.0 150
TJ = +25°C VI = 17.5V to 30V – 11.0 150
VI = 20V to 26V – 3.0 75.0
Regload Load Regulation(31) TJ = +25°C, IO = 5mA to 1.5A – 12.0 100 mV
IO = 5mA to 1A – 12.0 100
IO = 250mA to 750mA – 5.0 50.0
IQQuiescent Current TJ = +25°C – 5.2 6.0 mA
∆IQQuiescent Current Change IO = 5mA to 1A – – 0.5 mA
VI = 17.5V to 30V, IO = 500mA – – 0.8
VI = 17.5V to 30V, TJ = +25°C – – 0.8
∆VO/∆TOutput Voltage Drift(32) IO = 5mA – -1.0 – mV/°C
VNOutput Noise Voltage f = 10Hz to 100kHz, T
A = +25°C – 10.0 – µV/VO
RR Ripple Rejection(32) f = 120Hz, IO = 500mA,
VI = 18.5V to 28.5V
– 58.0 – dB
VDROP Dropout Voltage IO = 1A, TJ = +25°C – 2.0 – V
rOOutput Resistance(32) f = 1kHz – 19.0 – mΩ
ISC Short Circuit Current VI = 35V, TA = +25°C – 250 – mA
IPK Peak Current(32) TJ = +25°C – 2.2 – A
19 www.fairchildsemi.com
LM78XX/LM78XXA Rev. 1.2
LM78XX/LM78XXA 3-Terminal 1A Positive Voltage Regulator
Electrical Characteristics (LM7818A) (Continued)
Refer to the test circuits. 0°C < TJ < 125°C, IO = 1A, VI = 27V, CI = 0.33µF, C O = 0.1µF, unless otherwise specified.
Notes:
33. Load and line regulation are specified at constant junction temperature. Changes in VO due to heating effects must
be taken into account separately. Pulse testing with low duty is used.
34. These parameters, although guaranteed, are not 100% tested in production.
Symbol Parameter Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Units
VOOutput Voltage TJ = +25°C 17.64 18.0 18.36 V
IO = 5mA to 1A, PO ≤ 15W,
VI = 21V to 33V
17.3 18.0 18.7
Regline Line Regulation(33) VI = 21V to 33V, IO = 500mA – 15.0 180 mV
VI = 21V to 33V – 5.0 180
TJ = +25°C VI = 20.6V to 33V – 15.0 180
VI = 24V to 30V – 5.0 90.0
Regload Load Regulation(33) TJ = +25°C, IO = 5mA to 1.5A – 15.0 100 mV
IO = 5mA to 1A – 15.0 100
IO = 250mA to 750mA – 7.0 50.0
IQQuiescent Current TJ = +25°C – 5.2 6.0 mA
∆IQQuiescent Current Change IO = 5mA to 1A – – 0.5 mA
VI = 12V to 33V, IO = 500mA – – 0.8
VI = 12V to 33V, TJ = +25°C – – 0.8
∆VO/∆TOutput Voltage Drift(34) IO = 5mA – -1.0 – mV/°C
VNOutput Noise Voltage f = 10Hz to 100kHz, T
A = +25°C – 10.0 – µV/VO
RR Ripple Rejection(34) f = 120Hz, IO = 500mA,
VI = 22V to 32V
– 57.0 – dB
VDROP Dropout Voltage IO = 1A, TJ = +25°C – 2.0 – V
rOOutput Resistance(34) f = 1kHz – 19.0 – mΩ
ISC Short Circuit Current VI = 35V, TA = +25°C – 250 – mA
IPK Peak Current(34) TJ = +25°C – 2.2 – A
20 www.fairchildsemi.com
LM78XX/LM78XXA Rev. 1.2
LM78XX/LM78XXA 3-Terminal 1A Positive Voltage Regulator
Electrical Characteristics (LM7824A) (Continued)
Refer to the test circuits. 0°C < TJ < 125°C, IO = 1A, VI = 33V, CI = 0.33µF, C O = 0.1µF, unless otherwise specified.
Notes:
35. Load and line regulation are specified at constant junction temperature. Changes in VO due to heating effects must
be taken into account separately. Pulse testing with low duty is used.
36. These parameters, although guaranteed, are not 100% tested in production.
Symbol Parameter Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Units
VOOutput Voltage TJ = +25°C 23.5 24.0 24.5 V
IO = 5mA to 1A, PO ≤ 15W,
VI = 27.3V to 38V
23.0 24.0 25.0
Regline Line Regulation(35) VI = 27V to 38V, IO = 500mA – 18.0 240 mV
VI = 21V to 33V – 6.0 240
TJ = +25°C VI = 26.7V to 38V – 18.0 240
VI = 30V to 36V – 6.0 120
Regload Load Regulation(35) TJ = +25°C, IO = 5mA to 1.5A – 15.0 100 mV
IO = 5mA to 1A – 15.0 100
IO = 250mA to 750mA – 7.0 50.0
IQQuiescent Current TJ = +25°C – 5.2 6.0 mA
∆IQQuiescent Current Change IO = 5mA to 1A – – 0.5 mA
VI = 27.3V to 38V, IO = 500mA – – 0.8
VI = 27.3V to 38V, TJ = +25°C – – 0.8
∆VO/∆TOutput Voltage Drift(36) IO = 5mA – -1.5 – mV/°C
VNOutput Noise Voltage f = 10Hz to 100kHz, T
A = +25°C – 10.0 – µV/VO
RR Ripple Rejection(36) f = 120Hz, IO = 500mA,
VI = 28V to 38V
– 54.0 – dB
VDROP Dropout Voltage IO = 1A, TJ = +25°C – 2.0 – V
rOOutput Resistance(36) f = 1kHz – 20.0 – mΩ
ISC Short Circuit Current VI = 35V, TA = +25°C – 250 – mA
IPK Peak Current(36) TJ = +25°C – 2.2 – A
21 www.fairchildsemi.com
LM78XX/LM78XXA Rev. 1.2
LM78XX/LM78XXA 3-Terminal 1A Positive Voltage Regulator
Typical Performance Characteristics
Figure 3. Quiescent Current Figure 4. Peak Output Current
Figure 5. Output Voltage Figure 6. Quiescent Current
6
5.75
5.5
5.25
5
4.75
4.5
VI = 10V
VO = 5V
IO = 5mA
-25-50 0 025 50 75 100 125
QUIESCENT CURRENT (mA)
JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (°C)
3
2.5
2
1.5
1
.5
0
TJ = 25°C
∆VO = 100mV
5101520253035
OUTPUT CURRENT (A)
INPUT-OUTPUT DIFFERENTIAL (V)
1.02
1.01
1
0.99
0.98
VI – VO = 5V
IO = 5mA
-25-50 0 25 50 75 100 125
NORMALIZED OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (°C)
7
6.5
6
5.5
5
4.5
4
TJ = 25°C
VO = 5V
IO = 10mA
1051520253035
QUIESCENT CURRENT (mA)
INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
22 www.fairchildsemi.com
LM78XX/LM78XXA Rev. 1.2
LM78XX/LM78XXA 3-Terminal 1A Positive Voltage Regulator
Typical Applications
Figure 7. DC Parameters
Figure 8. Load Regulation
Figure 9. Ripple Rejection
0.1µF
CO
CI0.33µF
Output
Input LM78XX
13
2
LM78XX 3
2
1
0.33µF
270pF
100Ω30µS
RL
2N6121
or EQ
Output
Input
VO
0V
VO
LM78XX
Output
Input
5.1Ω
0.33µF 2
31
RL
470µF
120Hz +
23 www.fairchildsemi.com
LM78XX/LM78XXA Rev. 1.2
LM78XX/LM78XXA 3-Terminal 1A Positive Voltage Regulator
Figure 10. Fixed Output Regulator
Figure 11.
Figure 12. Circuit for Increasing Output Voltage
0.1µF
CO
CI0.33µF
Output
Input LM78XX
13
2
0.1µF
CO
CI0.33µF
Output
Input LM78XX
13
2VXX
R1
RL
IQ
IO
IO = R1 +IQ
VXX
Notes:
1. To specify an output voltage, substitute voltage value for “XX.” A common ground is required between the input and the
output voltage. The input voltage must remain typically 2.0V above the output voltage even during the low point on the input
ripple voltage.
2. CI is required if regulator is located an appreciable distance from power supply filter.
3. CO improves stability and transient response.
0.1µF
CO
CI0.33µF
Output
Input LM78XX
13
2VXX R1
R2
IQ
IRI ≥ 5 IQ
VO = VXX(1 + R2 / R1) + IQR2
24 www.fairchildsemi.com
LM78XX/LM78XXA Rev. 1.2
LM78XX/LM78XXA 3-Terminal 1A Positive Voltage Regulator
Figure 13. Adjustable Output Regulator (7V to 30V)
Figure 14. High Current Voltage Regulator
Figure 15. High Output Current with Short Circuit Protection
LM741
-
+
2
3
6
4
2
3
1
0.33µF
CI
Input Output
0.1µF
CO
LM7805
10kΩ
IRI ≥ 5 IQ
VO = VXX(1 + R2 / R1) + IQR2
3
2
1LM78XX
Output
Input
R1
3Ω
0.33µF
IREG
0.1µF
IO
IQ1
IO = IREG + BQ1 (IREG–VBEQ1/R1)
Q1 BD536
R1 = VBEQ1
IREG–IQ1 BQ1
LM78XX
Output
0.1µF
0.33µF
R1
3Ω
3
2
1
Q1
Input
Q2
Q1 = TIP42
Q2 = TIP42
RSC = I
SC
VBEQ2
RSC
/
25 www.fairchildsemi.com
LM78XX/LM78XXA Rev. 1.2
LM78XX/LM78XXA 3-Terminal 1A Positive Voltage Regulator
Figure 16. Tracking Voltage Regulator
Figure 17. Split Power Supply (±15V – 1A)
LM78XX
LM741
0.1µF
0.33µF
1
2
3
72
6
434.7kΩ
4.7kΩ
TIP42
COMMON
COMMON
VO
-VO
VI
-VIN
_
+
3
1
2
1
3
2
0.33µF 0.1µF
2.2µF
1µF +
+
1N4001
1N4001
+15V
-15V
+20V
-20V
LM7815
MC7915
26 www.fairchildsemi.com
LM78XX/LM78XXA Rev. 1.2
LM78XX/LM78XXA 3-Terminal 1A Positive Voltage Regulator
Figure 18. Negative Output Voltage Circuit
Figure 19. Switching Regulator
LM78XX
Output
Input
+
1
2
0.1µF
3
LM78XX
1mH
3
1
2
2000µF
Output
Input D45H11
0.33µF
470Ω
4.7Ω
10µF
0.5Ω
Z1
+
+
LM78XX/LM78XXA — 3-Terminal 1A Positive Voltage Regulator
© 2012 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation www.fairchildsemi.com
LM78XX/LM78XXA Rev. 1.2 27
Mechanical Dimensions
Dimensions in millimeters
TO-220 [ SINGLE GAUGE ]
© Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation www.fairchildsemi.com
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changes at any time without notice to improve the design.
Obsolete Not In Production Datasheet contains specifications on a product that is discontinued by Fairchild Semiconductor.
The datasheet is for reference information only.
Rev. I61
