MCB2100-U - NXP Semiconductors

AN10302

Using the Philip s LPC2000 Flash utility with the Keil MCB2100

and IAR LPC210x Kickstart evaluation boards

Rev. 04 — 12 October 2006 Application note

Document information

Info Content

Keywords LPC2000, Flash utility, Keil MCB2100, IAR LPC210x

Abstract Application information for the Philips LPC2000 Flash utility with the Keil

MCB2100 and IAR LPC210x Kickstart evaluation boards

Application note Rev. 04 — 12 October 2006 2 of 14

Contact information

For additional information, please visit: http://www.nxp.com

For sales office addresses, please send an email to: salesaddresses@nxp.com

NXP Semiconductors AN10302

Using the Philips LPC2000 Flash utility

Revision history

Rev Date Description

04 20061012 Fourth version

•Updated Figure 2.

03 20040610 Third version

02 20040512 Second version

01 20040430 Initial version

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NXP Semiconductors AN10302

Using the Philips LPC2000 Flash utility

1. Introduction

In-System programming (ISP) is a method of programming and erasing the on-chip flash

or RAM memory using the boot loader software and a serial port. The part may reside in

the end-user system . The flash boot loader provides an In-System Progr amming interface

for programming the on-chip flash or RAM memory. This boot loader is located in the

upper 8 kB of flash memory, it can be read but not written to or erased.

2. LPC2000 ISP overview

The flash boot loader code is executed every time the part is powered on or reset. The

loader can execute the ISP command handler or pass execution to the user application

code.

A LOW level, after reset, at the P0.14 pin is considered as the external hardware request

to start the ISP command handler. The boot loader sample s this pin during reset.

Assuming that proper signal is present on X1 pin when the rising edge on RST pin is

generated, it may t ake up to 3 ms before P0.14 is sampled and the decision on whether to

continue with user code or ISP handler is made. If P0.14 is sampled LOW and the

watchdog overflow flag is set, the external hardware request to start the ISP command

handler is ignored. If ther e is no re quest for the ISP command handler execution (P0.14 is

sampled HIGH after reset), a search is made for a valid user program. If a valid user

program is found then the execution control is transferred to it. If a valid user program is

not found, the auto-baud ro utine is invoked.

Pin P0.14 is used a s hardware request for ISP requires special attention. Since P0.14 is in

high impedance mode after reset, it is important that the user provides external hardware

(a pull-up resistor or other de vice) to put the pin in a defined state. Otherwise unintended

entry into ISP mode may occur.

Figure 1 shows the boot sequence of the LPC210x devices.

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NXP Semiconductors AN10302

Using the Philips LPC2000 Flash utility

Fig 1. Boot process flowchart.

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NXP Semiconductors AN10302

Using the Philips LPC2000 Flash utility

3. Details of the Philip s LPC2000 Flash utility

This flash utility is available for free download from the Philips website. This soft ware, in

combination with the hardware described below, allows for hands-off erasure, uploading,

and execution of code.

The Philips LPC2000 Flash utility utilizes two, otherwise unused, signals (RTS and DTR)

of the PC serial port to control the micr ocontroller reset and P0.14 pins. The port pin

P0.14, if LOW during reset, puts the microcontroller into In System Programming (ISP)

mode; this pin has the alternate functions of external interrupt one and general purpose

I/O (GPIO). Some details on the associated circuitry will help in understanding how this

works.

3.1 Manual entry into ISP mode

With jumper J1 removed and jumper J2 in place ISP mode will be entered manually by

holding S2 while pressin g and releasing S1 (reset). This can become cumbersome and so

it is advantageous to use RTS/DTR control of these signals.

3.2 ISP mode entry using DTR/RTS

With jumper J1 inserted and jumper J2 removed the reset and P0.14 signals may be

controlled by the previously un-used RTS/DTR signals of the PC serial port. In this

application both these signals are active HIGH. When RTS is asserted Q2 is turned on

and the microcontroller reset is pulled LOW. While the micro is held in reset, DTR is

asserted and P0.14 is held LOW. RTS is then brought LOW and so Q2 is turned off. The

10K pull-up resistor releases the RESET signal by pulling it HIGH. The microcontroller is

now running in ISP mode .

This sequence of ISP mode entry is performed for every operation offered by the Philips

LPC2000 Flash Utility.

Fig 2. The RTS/DTR control - an example circuit.

RTS

DTR

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NXP Semiconductors AN10302

Using the Philips LPC2000 Flash utility

The main screen of the Flash Utility provides access to most if its functionality. When the

“use DTR/RTS…” box (1) is checked then control of reset and P0.14 is done by the utility

as described above. If this box is unchecked then ISP mode must be entered manually. If

the “execute code after upload” is checked then, after code is programmed into the flash,

an extra reset pulse is sent to the microcontroller to reset the part. Since, at this time,

P0.14 will be HIGH, the part will execute code in flash after this reset.

When the utility connects to the MCB2100 it will attempt to connect at the selected baud

rate. The highest baud rate achievable will depend mostly on the frequency of the crystal.

Using standard baud rate crystals (e.g. 14.7456 MHz) will increase the maximum baud

rate achievable.

3.3 Flash buffer operations

The flash buffer operation screen (accessible from the “buffer” pull-down menu) allows

functions such as loading a HEX file, downloading from flash, uploading to flash, filling the

buffer, saving the HEX file and calculation of the checksum “valid code” vector1. There is

also the ability to fill the buffer with a particular value1 and program this buffer to flash.

Fig 3. Fla s h Utility main screen.

1. The valid code vector at 0x14 is merely the two's complement of the sum of the vector table. By assigning it this value the

checksum for the entire vector table is 0x00 which indicates valid flash code. After reset the bootloader will examine this location

and, if the value is correct (an indication of valid user code in flash), will execute code out of flash. If the value is not correct the

bootloader will enter ISP mode. The Philips LPC2000 Flash Utility will automatically calculate and program this value during an

upload to flash. Alternatively the vector calculation may be performed on the contents of flash buffer as shown in the screen-shot

below.

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NXP Semiconductors AN10302

Using the Philips LPC2000 Flash utility

3.4 RAM buffer operations

Ram buffe r operations (accessible from the “buffer” pull-down menu) are similar to flash

buffer operations including the uploading of HEX files etc.

Fig 4. Fla s h bu ffe r screen.

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Using the Philips LPC2000 Flash utility

Fig 5. RAM bu ffe r op era t io ns .

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Using the Philips LPC2000 Flash utility

4. Hardware

4.1 Keil MCB2100 evaluation board

Figure 6 shows an overview of the Keil MCB2100 evaluation board.

JTAG port — Connection to JTAG emulator (e.g. Keil ULink). This is a standard JTAG

port as outlined in ARM documentation.

ETM (Embedded Trace Macrocell) port — Provides interface to emulators with trace

capability.

P3 and P4, CAN ports — These provide access to the CAN ports (On boards that

feature a micro co nt ro ller with CAN inte r fac es ).

P1 and P2, UARTs — Access to UART0 and UART1.

S1 reset — Microcontrolle r re se t.

S2 ISP/INT1 — This button pulls the P0.14 pin of the microcontroller LOW, providing

either an external interrupt or manual entry into ISP mode.

Fig 6. Keil MCB2100 evaluation board o verview.

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NXP Semiconductors AN10302

Using the Philips LPC2000 Flash utility

LEDs — buffered with a 74LVC octal buffer, enabled by J6.

Potentiometer — Configured as a voltage divider with its output connected to AIN0 via

jumper J2.

[1] These jumpers supply the voltages to the microcontroller and must be in for normal operation.

[2] Remove this jumper when not using ISP.

4.1.1 Enabling ISP mode with the MCB2100

The Keil MCB2100 evaluation board was designed to utilize the RTS/DTR control of reset

and P0.14 as featured in the Philips LPC2000 Flash utility.

To setup the MCB21 00 for ISP pr ogr amm ing set the jumpers: J1, J3, J4, J5, J7 and J10.

Connect the PC serial port to COM0 of the MCB2100 and st art the LPC200 0 Flash Utility.

Check the “Use DTR/RTS……” box and continue.

4.2 The IAR/Philips LPC210x Kickstart card

This evaluation board is populated with an LPC2106 microcontroller and features 2 serial

ports, 2 user- defined buttons, 16 fully configurable LEDs, 20- pin JT AG inte rface connector

as well as breakout headers for all pins.

Table 1. Keil MCB2100 jumper functions

Jumper Function

J1 Configures P0.14 for DTR/RTS control of ISP (see ISP section below)

J2 Potentiometer/ADC Connect

J3[1] 3.3 V enable

J4[1] 1.8 V enable

J5 3.3 V analog voltage supply enable

J6 LED enable

J7 Configures P0.14 for external interrupt or manual ISP entry

J8 ETM Pins Enable (Pulls Tr aceSync LOW)

J9 JTAG Debug Pins Enable (Pulls RTCK LOW)

J10[2] Configures RESET for DTR/RTS control of ISP (see ISP section below)

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NXP Semiconductors AN10302

Using the Philips LPC2000 Flash utility

JTAG port — Connection to JTAG emulator (e.g. JLink). This is a sta ndard JTAG port as

outlined in ARM documentation.

ETM (Embedded Trace Macrocell) port — Provides interface to emulators with trace

capability.

P0 and P1, UARTs — Access to UART0 and UART1.

RESET — Microcontroller reset.

Interrupt0 — This button provides a source for interrupt zero.

Interrupt1 — This button pulls the P0.14 pin of the microcontrolle r LOW, providing either

an external interrupt or manual entry into ISP mode.

Interrupt2 — This button provides a source for interrupt two.

LED jumper block — enables/disables individual LEDs.

LEDs — buffered with a LVT16244.

Fig 7. IAR/Philips LPC210x Kickstart card.

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NXP Semiconductors AN10302

Using the Philips LPC2000 Flash utility

[1] P0.14 and external interrupt one share the same pin; therefore this button may also be used for manual

entry into ISP mode by pressing it during a reset.

[2] This jumper, when in the JTAG1 position, will cause the microcontroller to enter JTAG debug mode after

reset. Therefore, when using ISP, this jumper must be removed or placed in the JTAG2 position.

4.2.1 Enabling ISP mode with the IAR/Philips Kickstart card

The Kickstart Card evaluation board was designed to utilize the RTS/DTR control of reset

and P0.14 as featured in the Philips LPC2000 Flash utility.

To setup the Kickstar t Card for ISP prog ramming set the jumpe rs: JP7, JP8, JP2 and JP4.

Remove jumper JP6. Connect the PC serial por t to P0 (UAR T0) of the Kickst ar t Card and

start the LPC2000 Flash Utility. Check the “Use DTR/RTS……” box and continue.

Table 2. IAR/Philips Kickstart card jumper functions

Jumper Function

JP1 Enables external interrupt zero via the push-button

JP2 Enables ISP and external interrupt one[1]

JP3 Connects P0.9/RxD1 (UART1) to the MAX3232

JP4 Connects P0.1/RxD0 (UART0) to the MAX3232

JP5 Enables external interrup t zero via the push-button

JP6 Primary/Secondary JTAG select[2]

JP7 Enable DTR/RTS control of P0.14

JP8 Enable DTR/RTS control of RESET

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NXP Semiconductors AN10302

Using the Philips LPC2000 Flash utility

5. Legal information

5.1 Definitions

Draft — The document is a draft version only. The content is still under

internal review and subject to formal approval, which may result in

modifications or additions. NXP Semiconductors does not give any

representations or warrant ies as to t he accuracy or completeness of

information included herein and shall have no liab ility for the consequences of

use of such information.

5.2 Disclaimers

General — In formation in this document is believed to be accurate and

reliable. However, NXP Semiconductors does not give an y represent ations or

warranties, expressed or impli ed, as to the accuracy or completeness of such

information and shall have no liability for th e co nsequences of use of such

information.

Right to make changes — NXP Semiconductors reserves the right to make

changes to information published in this document, including without

limitation specifications and product descriptions, at any time and without

notice. This document supersedes and replaces all informa tion supplied prior

to the publication hereof .

Suitability for use — NXP Semiconductors products are not designed,

authorized or warranted to be suitable for use in medical, military, aircraft,

space or life support equipment, nor in applications where failure or

malfunction of a NXP Semiconductor s product can reasonably be expected to

result in personal injury, death or severe property or environmental damage.

NXP Semiconductors accepts no liability for inclusion and/or use of NXP

Semiconductors products in such equipment or applications and therefore

such inclusion and/or use is at the customer’s own risk.

Applications — Applications that are described herein for any of these

products are for il lustrative purposes only. NXP Semiconductors makes no

representation or warranty that such applications will be suitable for the

specified use without further testing or modification.

5.3 Trademarks

Notice: All referenced b rands, produc t names, service names and trademarks

are the property of their respective ow ners.

NXP Semiconductors AN10302

Using the Philips LPC2000 Flash utility

For more information, please visit: http://www.nxp.com

For sales office addresses, please send an email to: salesaddresses@nxp.com

Date of release: 12 October 2006

Document identifier: AN10302_4

Please be aware that important notices concerning this document and the product(s)

described herein, have been included in section ‘Legal information’.

6. Contents

1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

2 LPC2000 ISP overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

3 Details of the Philips LPC2000 Flash utility. . . 5

3.1 Manual entry into ISP mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

3.2 ISP mode entry using DTR/RTS. . . . . . . . . . . . 5

3.3 Flash buffer operations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

3.4 RAM buffer operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

4 Hardware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

4.1 Keil MCB2100 evaluation board. . . . . . . . . . . . 9

4.1.1 Enabling ISP mode with the MCB2100 . . . . . 10

4.2 The IAR/Philips LPC210x Kickstart card . . . . 10

4.2.1 Enabling ISP mode with the IAR/Philips Kickstart

card. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

5 Legal information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

5.1 Definitions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

5.2 Disclaimers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

5.3 Trademarks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

6 Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14